Effects on vegetation- Wildfires impact fire-dependent ecosystems  How much forests can survive depend on type and severity of wildfire: if roots have not been burned some trees can slowly regenerate. This is not the case of coniferous as they are highly inflammable and never survive to fire.

Effects on people and animals – Fire and heat are the primary causes of death for people and animals. However, wildfires smoke kills millions of people a year, mostly in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Airborne, microscopic particles can reach the respiratory system and begin to coagulate the blood, forming a thick goo. Carbon monoxide occurring in the fire smoke can cause long-lasting damage to the heart.

Effects on Global Warming – Wildfires have effects on global warming and contribute to the complex dynamics of climate change. The impact is influenced by various factors, including the size and intensity of the fires, the types of ecosystems involved, and the emissions released. There is a double-sided connection between Global Warming and wildfires that is related to CO2 release and sequestration. wildfires can release substantial amounts of CO2 and decrease CO2 capturing of vegetated areas. As a result, wildfires could become even more common in the decades ahead.

Effects on the economy – The effect on the economy includes direct impact, resource depletion and allocation.

Wildfires can affect agriculture, tourism, and forestry. Damage to crops, loss of tourist revenue, and reduced timber resources can harm local economies. The smoke and haze from fires can also adversely impact aviation, shipping and vehicular traffic, resulting in risks to safety as well as economic losses.

They consume valuable natural resources, including timber and water. This can affect industries that rely on these resources, such as the forestry and water supply sectors.

The resources required to combat wildfires, including firefighting personnel, equipment, and funds, can strain government budgets and divert resources from other essential services and projects

Effects on water – Wildfires can have significant effects on water resources, both in the short term during and immediately after a fire, as well as in the long term as ecosystems and landscapes recover. These effects can vary depending on the severity of the fire, the type of vegetation, and the topography of the affected area.

Water quality degradation– One of the most immediate and noticeable impacts of wildfires on water is the degradation of water quality since fires can release ash and other substances including heavy metals into freshwater posing risks to aquatic life and human health.

Altered hydrology and water availability– Wildfires can disrupt the natural hydrological cycle of an area, including water recharge and stream patterns. Reduced vegetation can lead to increased runoff and reduced groundwater recharge. This can affect the availability of water downstream and lead to altered streamflow patterns.

Effects on other hazards! A danger that triggers others is called a cascade effect. Frequent and severe wildfires can trigger mud-, land- and rockslides, flash floods and flooding.  They are all effects caused by soil instability. wildfires affect roots, the humus and grass layers, and the stems and leaves of brush and trees that protect soil from excessive water runoff and erosion.